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ABSTRACT Purpose: In this prospective study, we compared ocular clinical variables in patients with acne vulgaris with those of healthy controls. These variables included tear film break-up time, meibomian gland dropout rate, and anterior chamber parameters. Methods: Our sample comprised 73 eyes from 73 patients with acne vulgaris and 67 eyes from 67 healthy controls. All participants underwent a non-invasive first tear film break-up time test and the average tear film break-up time was evaluated. Meibography was used to identify any meibomian gland dropout. The parameters of the cornea and anterior chamber were measured using Scheimpflug topography imaging. Finally, the ocular surface disease index questionnaire was administered to score each participant on their subjective experience of ocular complaints. Results: The noninvasive first tear film break-up time values of the acne vulgaris Group and the control Group were 4.7 ± 2.8 and 6.4 ± 3.5 sec, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups (p=0.016). The number of eyes with tear break-up at any time during the measurement period was also significantly higher in the acne Group (p=0.018). In the acne vulgaris Group, the mean meibomian gland dropout rates were 33.21 ± 15.5% in the upper lids and 45.4 ± 14.5% in the lower lids. In the control group, these rates were 15.7 ± 6.9% and 21 ± 9.7% respectively. Dropout was significantly higher in the acne group for both the upper and lower lids (p=0.000). Conclusion: We found impaired tear stability in patients with acne vulgaris and a high rate of meibomian gland dropout. These glands play a key role in tear stability and their dropout is likely to result in evaporative dry eye. Measurement of the variables in this study allows objective diagnosis of this condition using a non-invasive, dye-free methodology, with minimum contact.
RESUMO Objetivo: Neste estudo prospectivo, pacientes com acne vulgaris e indivíduos saudáveis do grupo controle foram comparados em relação ao tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, taxa de abandono de glândulas meibomianas e parâmetros da câmara anterior, usando o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal topográfico não invasivo, meibografia não invasiva e fotografia de Scheimpflug, respectivamente. Métodos: Setenta e três olhos de 73 pacientes com acne vulgaris e 67 olhos de 67 indivíduos saudáveis foram incluídos. Todos os participantes submetidos ao primeiro tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal não-invasivo e ao tempo médio de ruptura do filme lacrimal não-invasivo foram avaliados pelo uso do tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal; perda de glândulas meibomianas foram avaliadas por meibografia; os parâmetros da córnea e da câmara anterior foram medidos por fotografia de Scheimpflug; e, finalmente, as queixas oculares subjetivas foram pontuadas com o uso do questionário do Indice de doenças de superfície ocular. Resultados: Os valores do tempo de ruptura do primeiro filme lacrimal não-invasivo do Grupo com acne vulgaris e do Grupo controle foram 4,7 ± 2,8 e 6,4 ± 3,5 segundos, respectivamente, refererindo-se a uma diferença significativa entre os valores dos grupos (p=0,016). Qualitativamente, o número de olhos com ruptura lacrimal a qualquer momento durante o período de medição foi significativamente maior no grupo de pacientes. (p=0,018). No Grupo com acne vulgaris, a perda de glândulas meibomianas nas pálpebras superiores foi de 33,21 ± 15,5% e nas pálpebras inferiores foi de 45,4 ± 14,5%; por outro lado, no Grupo controle foi de 15,7 ± 6,9% e 21 ± 9,7% respectivamente; ambos os casos referem-se a uma diferença significativa entre os grupos (p=0,000). Conclusão: Encontramos estabilidade comprometida do filme lacrimal em pacientes com acne vulgaris. No entanto, o comprometimento foi de grau muito menor, em comparação com a taxa de perda das glândulas meibomianas que desempenham um papel fundamental na estabilidade do filme lacrimal. Esta condição pode ser documentada de forma objetiva - uma metodologia parcialmente sem contato, totalmente não-invasiva e livre de corantes.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Isotretinoin is the only medication against all the factors involved in acne vulgaris pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to verify whether patients with acne vulgaris receiving isotretinoin therapy exhibit elevated anger levels and to observe the correlation between age, temperament traits, and anger. METHODS: The study group comprised a sum of 100 cases, involving 50 individuals with acne vulgaris-required high-dose retinol therapy and 50 controls who did not start any medication. RESULTS: Our study showed that anger levels increased with drug use. A positive correlation between cyclothymic temperament, the anxiety-related behavior subdimension, and the introvert and passive-aggressive subdimension of interpersonal anger reactions has been recognized. In addition, a positive one was observed between hyperthymic temperament and the introvert subdimension, which is one of the anger-related thoughts and interpersonal anger reactions. CONCLUSION: This study elucidates anger dimensions such as anger-related thoughts, behaviors, and reactions in individuals who received retinol treatment for acne vulgaris. In addition to anger and its dimensions, temperament was also investigated. Although several studies have investigated the relationship between acne vulgaris and psychiatric symptoms, to the best of our knowledge, no research has been reported in the English-language literature regarding the relationship between anger dimensions and temperament after retinol treatment that might make our study an original and valuable contribution to the literature.
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Introducción: El acné vulgar es la enfermedad más frecuente en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes; constituye un estado obstructivo e inflamatorio crónico de folículos pilosebáceos, caracterizado por la formación de lesiones inflamatorias. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo y las comorbilidades asociados al acné vulgar de grados I y II y su impacto psicosocial. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 50 pacientes con acné vulgar de grados I y II, atendidos en el Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2018 hasta igual periodo de 2020. Se valoraron los factores de riesgo y las comorbilidades asociados a la dermatosis, así como el tiempo de aparición de estos. Resultados: En la serie predominaron el grupo etario de 18-24 años de edad y el sexo femenino (60,0 %, respectivamente), la ansiedad (58,0 %), el estado seborreico de la piel y los hábitos tóxicos (44,0 % en cada caso). También primaron el nivel de escolaridad de técnico medio y el color de la piel mestizo (60,0 % cada uno), el estado civil acompañado (44,0 %), la procedencia urbana (88,0 %), los afectados con evolución de la enfermedad entre 4 a 12 meses, sin antecedentes patológicos familiares de esta, y los trastornos endocrinos como las comorbilidades asociadas a la dermatosis. Conclusiones: Una buena parte de los pacientes presentaron, como factores de riesgo, algún episodio emocional de ansiedad y estado seborreico de la piel relacionado con el acné, los cuales estuvieron asociados a comorbilidades endocrinometabólicas.
Introduction: Common acne is the most frequent disease in adolescents and young adults; it constitutes a chronic obstructive and inflammatory state of pilosebaceous follicles, characterized by the formation of inflammatory lesions. Objective: To identify the risk factors and comorbidities associated to grade I and II common acne and its psychosocial impact. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 50 patients with grade I-II common acne was carried out; they were assisted at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2018 to the same period in 2020. The risk factors and comorbidities associated with the dermatoses were valued, as well as the onset time of them. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the 18-24 age group and the female sex (60.0%, respectively), the anxiety (58.0%), seborrheic state of the skin and toxic habits (44.0% each one). Also, the school level of technician and mixed race (60.0% each one), accompanied as marital status (44.0%), the urban origin (88.0%), as well as those affected with evolution of the disease between 4 to 12 months, without family pathological history, as well as endocrine disorders as the comorbidities associated with the dermatoses. Conclusions: A great part of the patients presented, as risk factors, some emotional event of anxiety and seborrheic state of the skin related to the acne, which were associated with endocrine-metabolic comorbidities.
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Background: Despite acne being a common dermatological problem, there is a paucity of literature addressing the knowledge, attitude and practice about it. Aims/Objectives: To find out what patients know about acne, its cause and treatment, as well as myths, misconceptions and attitude towards it. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive questionnaire-based study on acne patients at Maharana Bhupal Hospital, RNT Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Results: Most (84.8%) patients belonged to the age group of 16–25 years. The majority (63.9%) presented 12 months after the onset of acne. More than half had average knowledge, a positive attitude and good practices, related significantly to gender and education. Limitations: A standardized questionnaire suitable for all dialects and regional languages would have yielded more uniform results. Conclusion: Study revealed that acne patients still need to acquire accurate, adequate and easily accessible information to seek timely and appropriate treatment, and alleviate their psychological suffering.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate ocular surface and meibomian glands in patients with treatment-naive acne vulgaris. Methods: The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, invasive tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining of the ocular surface, and Schirmer II test were performed for all subjects. Total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were assessed. Non-contact meibography was performed with the Sirius corneal topographic device. Results: The right eyes of 35 patients with acne vulgaris and 35 healthy volunteers were included the study. While the OSDI and staining scores were significantly higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.01 and p=0.003, respectively), the invasive tear film breakup time and Schirmer measurements were significantly lower in the acne group (p=0.000 and p=0.003, respectively). The total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were also higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.003 and p=0.000, respectively). On the morphological evaluation of the meibomian glands, the thickening, thinning, tortuosity, and presence of ghost areas were statistically significantly more common in the acne vulgaris group than in the control group (p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.05, and p=0.006, respectively). The percentage of the meibomian gland loss area was significantly high in the acne vulgaris group on both upper and lower meibography. The meibomian gland loss area positively correlated with total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris may have a predisposition to meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular surface damage. Early recognition of meibomian gland and ocular surface alterations seems important, especially in acne vulgaris cases for which oral isotretinoin treatment is planned.
RESUMO Objetivo: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Métodos: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo os olhos direitos de 35 voluntários com acne vulgar e 35 saudáveis. Os escores do Ocular Surface Disease Index e da coloração foram significativamente maiores no grupo com acne em comparação com o grupo controle (p=0,01 e p=0,003, respectivamente), mas o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo e as medidas do teste de Schirmer II foram significativamente menores (p=0,000 e p=0,003, respectivamente). O escore palpebral total e o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas também foram maiores no grupo com acne que no grupo controle (p=0,003 e p=0,000). Na avaliação morfológica das glândulas meibomianas, o espessamento, o afinamento, a tortuosidade e a presença de áreas fantasmas nas glândulas foram mais comuns no grupo acne vulgar que no grupo controle, com significância estatística (p=0,000, p=0,001, p=0,05 e p=0,006 respectivamente). A porcentagem da área de perdas das glândulas meibomianas foi significativamente mais alta no grupo com acne vulgar, tanto na meibografia superior quanto na inferior. A área de perda das glândulas meibomianas demonstrou uma correlação positiva com o escore palpebral total e com o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Conclusão: A acne vulgar pode levar a uma predisposição para a disfunção das glândulas meibomianas e para danos na superfície ocular. Parece ser importante reconhecer precocemente as alterações das glândulas meibomianas e da superfície ocular, especialmente nos casos de acne vulgar para os quais se planeja o tratamento oral com isotretinoína.
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Background: Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disease affecting 85% of adolescents across the globe with 40% having persistent acne well into their twenties. Acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation often negatively impact self-perception, social interactions, and affect quality of life scores in adolescents. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of drugs used in the treatment of acne to find out the current prescribing practices relating to comprehensive care being provided at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and observational study conducted after getting approval of Institutional Ethics Committee on 135 patients of either sex and age more than 12 and ?40 years diagnosed with acne. Results: Data of 135 prescriptions of acne patients were analyzed. Most patients presented with Grade 2 (n = 56; 41.5%) acne followed by Grade 3 acne (n = 40; 29.6%) patients. The average numbers of drugs per prescription was 3.87. Out of 522 drugs prescribed, 436 (83.5%) were topical and 86 (16.5%) were oral formulations. Among topical formulations, most frequently prescribed drug was tretinoin prescribed to 92 (68.1%) patients whereas, doxycycline was the most preferred oral antibiotic prescribed to 66 (48.9%) patients. Conclusion: The study revealed that drugs prescribed were found to be in accordance with the treatment guidelines proposed by Indian dermatologists and American Academy of Dermatology.
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Introdução: A acne vulgar é uma doença de pele que, com o advento das mídias sociais, ficou mais suscetível à propagação de informações não confiáveis. Objetivos: Este trabalho objetiva caracterizar a influência das mídias sociais na escolha do tratamento da acne vulgar sem orientação médica, identificar complicações do manejo inadequado, destacar a mídia social mais influente para esta finalidade e a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa, cuja amostra foi composta por 306 usuários de mídias sociais maiores de 18 anos. Após a assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário autoaplicável junto com o questionário "Índice de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia - DLQI-BRA", via "google forms", por 30 dias. Os dados foram trabalhados em documento online e analisados conforme estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram grande impacto, principalmente da rede social Instagram, na disseminação de conteúdo sobre o assunto e destacaram o médico dermatologista nas redes sociais como a principal fonte de informações eleita pelo público. Conclusões: O público mostrou-se rigoroso quanto à qualidade das informações, porém ainda são necessárias maior inserção de profissionais capacitados e informações baseadas em evidências científicas nas redes sociais.
Introduction: Acne Vulgaris is a skin disease that, with the advent of social media, has become more susceptible to the spread of unreliable information. Objective: This study aims to characterize the influence of social media on the treatment choice for Acne Vulgaris without medical advice, identify complications of inadequate treatments, and highlight the most influential social media for this purpose and the life quality of these patients. Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach whose sample consisted of 306 social media users over 18 years of age. After signing the Informed Consent ("Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido - TCLE)" the data was collected through a self-administered form along with the questionnaire "Dermatology Life Quality Index - DLQI-BRA" via "Google forms" over 30 days. The data was then tabulated online and analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Results: The results showed a great impact, especially from "Instagram", in the dissemination of content on the subject and highlighted the role of the dermatologist on social networks as the source of information chosen by the public. Conclusions: The public was strict about the quality of the information, but there is still a need for greater insertion of trained professionals and information based on scientific evidence on social media.
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El acné una de las enfermedades dermatológicas crónicas más frecuentes, siendo la adolescencia donde se observa su mayor incidencia y prevalencia. Constituye un motivo de consulta frecuente y a pesar de que su abordaje inicial es de resorte del pediatra, dependiendo de la evolución y los tipos de acné requieren la derivación y tratamiento con dermatólogo. Es una enfermedad cutánea, de carácter inflamatorio y que involucra la unidad pilosebácea. Su etiología es multifactorial y el diagnóstico es clínico al constatar las lesiones típicas. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la imagen corporal en esta etapa de la vida y el impacto de esta en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes, es imprescindible el reconocimiento precoz y tratamiento inicial por parte del pediatra. Existen posibilidades terapéuticas cada vez más novedosas, exigiendo a los profesionales de salud estar actualizados. Esta revisión pretende mostrar una puesta al día de la temática y ofrecer información actualizada sobre los tratamientos disponibles a nivel local.
Acne is one of the most common chronic dermatological diseases and it is primarily observed in adolescents. It is one of the causes of frequent consultation, and despite the fact that Its initial detection and approach is that of the pediatrician, depending on the evolution and the types of acne, referral and treatment by a dermatologist will be required. It is a skin disease, inflammatory in nature and involving the pilosebaceous unit. It has a multifactorial etiology and it requires clinical diagnosis when typical lesions are found. Considering importance of adolescents' image at this stage and the impact on their quality of life, early detection and treatment by the pediatrician are essential. There are increasing new therapeutic possibilities, which require health professionals to be updated. This review aims at showing an update of the subject and at providing updated information regarding the available treatments locally.
A acne é uma das doenças dermatológicas crônicas mais comuns, sendo a adolescência onde observase sua maior incidência e prevalência. Constitui motivo de consulta frequente e apesar de sua abordagem inicial é a do pediatra, dependendo da evolução e dos tipos de acne que necessitam de tratamento e encaminhamento feito por um dermatologista. É uma doença cutânea, de natureza inflamatória e que envolve a unidade pilossebácea. Sua etiologia é multifatorial e o diagnóstico é clínico quando são encontradas lesões típicas. Tendo em conta a importância da imagem corporal nesta fase da vida e o impacto dela na qualidade de vida dos adolescentes, o reconhecimento inicial pelo pediatra e o tratamento precoces são essenciais. Existem cada vez mais novas possibilidades terapêuticas, exigindo que os profissionais de saúde estejam atualizados. Este papertem como objetivo mostrar uma atualização do assunto e fornecer informação atualizada sobre os tratamentos disponíveis a nível local.
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Humans , Adolescent , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/diagnosisABSTRACT
@#Abstract: Objective To analyze and compare the differences in serum lipid metabolomics between patients with moderate to severe acne and healthy controls to understand the characteristics of serum lipid metabolism in acne patients. Methods Serum samples were collected from 30 patients with moderate to severe acne and 30 healthy controls matched for age, gender and body mass index in the Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from May 2019 to Apr. 2020. Serum lipid metabolomics was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used for multivariate statistical analysis of differentially expressed lipid metabolites. The metabolic pathways with significant differences between the two groups were screened by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Using Mann-Whitney U test to calculate differential metabolites. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum PC (18: 2e/20: 2) concentration and acne severity. Results The PLS-DA results showed that the composition of serum lipid metabolites in acne patients was significantly separated from that in healthy controls. Of the top 30 lipid metabolites with the most significant differences, four kinds of triglycerides (TG), two kinds of diglycerides (DG), six kinds of phosphatidylcholine (PC), one kind of MePC, two kinds of sphingomyelin (SM), two kinds of phosphatidylinositol (PI), two kinds of ceramide (monohexosyl ceramide, Hex1Cer;dihexosyl ceramide, Hex2Cer), two cardiolipin (CL) were found to be increased in the acne group (P<0.05). The levels of one kind of DG, two kinds of lysophosphatidyl ethanolamines (LPE), one kind of dimethylphosphatidyl ethanolamine (dMePE), one kind of bismethyl phosphatidic acid (BisMePA), three kinds of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and one kind of ceramide were found to be decreased in the acne group (P<0.05), and most of them belonged to phospholipid metabolites. Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum PC (18:2e/20:2) concentration was positively correlated with acne severity (r=0.456, P=0.004). KEGG enrichment function analysis revealed that the differential lipid metabolites were primarily enriched in metabolic pathways such as sphingolipid signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, insulin resistance, glycerophospholipid metabolism, among which the sphingolipid signaling pathway may play an important role. Conclusion There are significant differences in serum lipid metabolism between acne patients and healthy controls. Lipid metabolism disorders may be related to the pathogenesis of acne, but it’s molecular mechanism still needs further experimental exploration.
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Objective: To observe the effects of different frequencies of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy on the levels of the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), testosterone (T), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: Ninety patients with AV were randomly assigned to treatment group 1, treatment group 2, and treatment group 3 according to the random number remainder grouping method, with 30 cases in each group. All three groups received pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy. Treatment group 1 was treated once a week, treatment group 2 was treated twice a week, and treatment group 3 was treated 3 times a week. Four-week treatment was taken as 1 treatment course, and 3 treatment courses were observed. On the day before the start of the study and on the day next to the end of each course, the global acne grading system (GAGS) score was recorded, and 3 mL of blood from the median cubital vein was collected to test the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1. After 3 courses of treatment, the efficacy index was calculated according to the GAGS score, and the serum indicators in patients with effective treatment (efficacy index ≥20％) and complete sampling were analyzed. Results: A total of 60 patients were included in the final blood indicator analysis. After 3 courses of treatment, the intra-group comparisons showed that the serum IgG level increased significantly in patients in treatment group 1 (P<0.01); the serum T level decreased significantly in the female patients in treatment group 2 (P<0.05); the IGF-1 level significantly decreased in the patients in all three groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1 among the three groups at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy can affect the levels of serum IgG, T, and IGF-1 in AV patients. The level of the serum IGF-1 can be reduced by treatment once a week, twice a week, or 3 times a week. Treatment once a week can increase the patients' serum IgG level, and treatment twice a week can significantly decrease the serum T level in female patients. Reducing the serum IGF-1 level may be one of the action mechanisms of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy in treating AV.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gold micrhenedle radiofrequency and other photoelectric methods in the treatment of facial acne depression scar by using a meta-analysis.Methods:From January 2015 to August 2022, gold microneedles and radio frequence for treatment of facial acne depression scar of randomized controlled trial were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP, China Biomedical Literature Service System, PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Embase database, including 12 papers. There were 6 Chinese and 6 English literatures, with a sample size of 612 cases.Results:Gold microneedling radio-frequency showed better efficacy in the treatment of facial acne depression scar ( P<0.05). After subgroup analysis, the effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after 4 treatments, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Clinical acne scarring assessment scale, pain score and recovery time had statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Gold microneedling radiofrequency alone or in collaboration with other photoelectricity in the treatment of acne depression scar has short rest period, slight pain, and obvious improvement of scar effect. However, the improvement effect on icicle depression scar is limited.
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Staphylococcus epidermidis can exhibit both protective and opportunistic pathogenic effects on the skin: on the one hand, it suppresses pathogenic bacteria and inflammation, assists the innate immune system of the skin, and maintains homeostasis of skin microenvironment; on the other hand, it exhibits pathogenic potential. How Staphylococcus epidermidis affects human skin conditions depends not only on itself, but also on the communication among it, the host immune system, other microorganisms and environment factors. The balance of this interaction is the symbiotic homeostasis of Staphylococcus epidermidis, and when the homeostasis is disrupted, a variety of skin diseases such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, rosacea and melanoma can occur. Factors affecting the symbiotic homeostasis of Staphylococcus epidermidis include environmental conditions such as temperature, oxygen content and nutrition, antibiotics, the number of other microorganisms, microecological diversity, etc. This review summarizes recent research progress in symbiotic homeostasis of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
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Recent studies have shown that changes in the gut and skin microbiome can directly affect the occurrence of acne. Regulating the skin and gut microbiome has brought new directions for the treatment of acne, and the most direct way to achieve this goal is to restore the balance of the microbiome through the use of probiotics. This review summarizes the relationship between acne and microbiome, and research progress in probiotics for the treatment of acne.
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Some progress has been made in pharmacological treatments for acne in recent years. Several new medications have been proven effective and safe in latest clinical trials, including sarecycline (a novel tetracycline-class antibiotic) , trifarotene (a new topical fourth-generation retinoid) , clascoterone (the first topical androgen receptor antagonist) , 4% SB204 (a nitric oxide-releasing gel) , 4% FMX101 (a topical minocycline foam) , etc. This review summarizes latest advances in drug therapy for acne.
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Objective: The present study evaluates anti-microbial effect of hydrogel formulated with the extracts of some indigenous drugs against Propionibacterium acne. Material and Method: Procured Manjishtha (Rubia Cordifolia L.), Shalmali (Salmalia malabarica (DC. Schott & Endl) Schott & Endl.), Daruharidra (Berberis aristate DC), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller), Yashthimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra L). Extracts of all drugs except Aloe vera were collected by hydroalcoholic extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus. Aqueous extract of Aloe vera was collected by drying method. Two types of hydrogels were prepared with the extracts of these drugs, one with 5% extract and the other with 10% extract. Propionibacterium acne strains were collected from CSIR-Imtech Chandigarh. Culturing of bacteria was done by using nutrient broth. Nutrient agar was used for preparing the culture media. The antibacterial efficacy of the hydrogels was evaluated by comparing them with standard gentamycin. Result: The prepared hydrogel showed an anti-bacterial effect, but it is comparatively less when compared with the standard gentamycin. Conclusion: The prepared gel has anti-microbial activity. 10% hyrdogel showed better results than 5% hydrogel.
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Background: Acne vulgaris is a frequent skin condition of the face and trunk that negatively influences the quality of life. It frequently impacts the face, shoulders, chest, and back, however, the cure for nonfacial acne has no longer been fastidiously studied. Trifarotene is a new first-in-class fourth-generation topical retinoid that has been uniquely studied in the treatment of each facial and truncal acne. Through selective agonism of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-?, the most predominant RAR-? isotype in the epidermis, trifarotene exerts extra targeted, skin-specific outcomes than earlier-generation retinoids. The aim of the study to assess the safety and efficacy of trifarotene 50 ?g/g cream, a novel topical retinoid, in moderate facial and truncal acne.Material & Methods:Clinical samples were analyzed between 36 weeks in Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh. The patient informations and sources were retrospectively collected. 120 patients were detected in the department of Skin & venereal disease, at Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was done among patients to the evaluation of trifarotene 50 ?g/g cream in the treatment of facial and truncal acne vulgaris.Results:Out of 120 patients, the study population of patients according to age, where 46(38.33%) were 12 to 20 years and 74(61.67%) were 21 to 30 years. And according to sex, where 60% were female and 40% were male. Most of the patients belong to the female.Conclusion:We focus on efficacy, safety, and tolerability records and highlight exceptional life outcomes and patient-reported satisfaction. Future medical trials and the clinical applicability of this novel medication in the treatment of acne are additionally discussed.
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Abstract Background: Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disorder leading to an impairment of quality of life and is therefore not only a cosmetic issue. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial - of particular importance is the colonization with the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. A wide range of different treatment options exists including topical and systemic treatments depending on severity. High Frequency (HF) therapy, historically developed in the 19th century, claims antimicrobial effects on acne skin, but solid data on its efficacy and mechanism of action is lacking. Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of HF therapy on skin flora and P. acnes in vitro using a commercial device as well as to review studies on the mechanism of action. Methods: The plasma source was investigated regarding electrical settings, heat, and ozone development. Bacterial skin flora, fungal isolates, and P. acnes were exposed to HF in vitro and compared to unexposed controls by evaluating the number of colonies on agar plates. To further analyze bacterial species from normal skin flora, 16S-sequencing was performed. Statistical analyses were carried out using row analysis and unpaired t-test. Results: HF treatment led to a significant reduction of almost every bacterial and fungal species investigated in this study. Moreover, the number of colonies forming units was significantly decreased in P. acnes after HF treatment compared to controls in vitro. Study limitations: The experiments were performed in vitro only. To assess clinical effects further in vivo experiments are necessary. Conclusions: The results collected in this study, although in vitro, provide a mechanistic basis for HF as a complementary treatment option for patients with acne. It might also have a beneficial effect on patients with superficial infectious skin of the skin.
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Background: Acne vulgaris is common skin problem for adolescents and young adults. Topical clindamycin is an established treatment modality effective in mild-to-moderate acne. Dapsone has been used orally for the treatment of acne but used less due to its systemic side effects. Topical dapsone may offer new treatment option for acne vulgaris due to its dual anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effect. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of 1% clindamycin gel with 5% dapsone gel in the patient of Grade II acne vulgaris. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective interventional study with split face comparative study design. Each patient was received a pair of labeled tubes of medication – Right (Rt) side containing clindamycin 1% and left (Lt) side containing dapsone gel 5%. The assessment was done by calculating the change from baseline, after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of the total lesion count and both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: A total of 40 patients were included in the study. Both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion count reduce significantly at the end of 4, 8, and 12 weeks on both side (P < 0.05). Mean reduction in total count of lesions after 12 weeks of therapy by dapsone 5% was 5.4 ± 5.05 (50.0%), while by clindamycin 1% gel was 5.0 ± 2.76 (50.5%). Conclusion: Dapsone 5% gel monotherapy and clindamycin 1% gel monotherapy have almost equal efficacy when compared after 12 weeks of therapy, but dapsone 5% gel therapy is slightly better effect on inflammatory lesions than clindamycin 1% gel.
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Introdução: a técnica de microagulhamento e aplicação de drug delivery transdérmico é indicada para o tratamento das cicatrizes de acne. Objetivos: avaliar a técnica de microagulhamento associada à aplicação de fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) em drug delivery. Métodos: ensaio clínico duplo-cego randomizado, com seleção de 30 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: (1) duas sessões de microagulhamento com intervalo de 30 dias e (2) duas sessões de microagulhamento com mesmo intervalo e associação de drug delivery de EGF. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica (escala global de cicatriz de acne - Goodman e Baron, 2006), a avaliação por imagem multiespectral e por questionários de autopercepção. A avaliação estatística (Teste T Student, Teste SNK, análise de variância) foi realizada com o software estatístico SisVar (UFLA, 1996). Resultados: os grupos foram homogêneos quanto à idade, sexo e fototipo. Na avaliação clínica, houve redução dos escores de gravidade para ambos os grupos. A análise multiespectral revelou redução das porfirinas (p=0,0296) e melhora da textura da pele, ambas para o grupo 2. Conclusão: a terapia com microagulhamento foi eficaz e segura para o tratamento de cicatrizes de acne, e o EGF demonstrou ser um ativo promissor.
Background: The microneedling technique and the transdermal drug delivery are indicated to treat acne scars. Objective: Evaluation of the microneedling technique associated with the drug delivery of the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Methods: Randomized double-blind clinical trial of 30 patients divided into two groups: (1) - two microneedling sessions with a 30-day interval, (2) - two microneedling sessions with the same interval but associated with EGF drug delivery. The patients were evaluated clinically (global acne scarring grading system - Goodman and Baron) global acne scarring grading system via multispectral image and through self-perception questionnaires. The statistical analysis (Student T-test, SNK test, analysis of variance) was performed with the SisVar software (UFLA, 1996). Results: The groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, and phototype. Clinical assessments showed a reduction in severity scores for both groups. The multispectral analysis revealed a decrease in porphyrins (p = 0.0296) and an improvement in skin texture in group 2 subjects. Conclusion: Microneedling therapy was effective and safe for the acne scars treatment, and EGF demonstrated to be a promising strategy as well.
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Background@#Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous unit. Isotretinoin is used to treat moderate to severe acne that is resistant to antibiotics and topical agents. However, it may cause alterations in lipids and liver enzymes.@*Methods@#A total of 129 patients with acne vulgaris (moderate to severe facial acne) treated with isotretinoin were recruited between May 2020 and July 2021 from the dermatology clinics at Hospital Serdang and Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Of these, 120 patients with complete data of lipid panel (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL], triglycerides [TG], and high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL]) and hepatic panel (alanine transaminase [ALT] and aspartate transaminase [AST]) levels at baseline, and in three subsequent follow-up visits (i.e., one, three, and six months) were included in the analyses. Abnormalities were graded according to standard laboratory values and their severity according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE)grading system.@*Results@#Of the 120 study participants, 83% were female and 37% were male between the ages of 15 and 36 years. We observed a significant increase in median values at baseline and at the six-month follow-up for total cholesterol (p<0.0001), triglycerides (p<0.0001), LDL (p<0.0001), ALT (p<0.0001), and AST (p<0.0001). We observed a significant correlation between body mass index and the HDL (r2 =- 0.26, p=0.01) and ALT (r2 =0.383, p=7.9x10-06) levels. Based on the CTCAE grading system, almost all study participants with abnormal results had grade 1 abnormalities. Only one patient had a grade 2 abnormality in ALT, which required treatment discontinuation.@*Conclusion@#Low dose isotretinoin therapy for acne vulgaris may cause mild and non-progressive elevation of LDL, total cholesterol, and liver transaminases which do not require treatment withdrawal in most cases.